debootstrap报"Release signed by unknown key"错误的解决方法
1、下载最新的ASC文件：
wget https://ftp-master.debian.org/keys/release-11.asc -qO- | gpg --import --no-default-keyring --keyring ./debian-release-11.gpg
注意这里的11对应debian的版本号。我这里是debian11 (bullseye)
2、debootstrap指定asc文件
sudo debootstrap --keyring=./debian-release-11.gpg --variant=minbase bullseye bullseye http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/
这里的：--keyring=指定asc文件的位置。
然后就可以快乐的生成了
sudo debootstrap --keyring=./debian-release-11.gpg --variant=minbase bullseye bullseye http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ I: Retrieving InRelease I: Checking Release signature I: Valid Release signature (key id A4285295FC7B1A81600062A9605C66F00D6C9793) I: Retrieving Packages I: Validating Packages I: Found packages in base already in required: apt I: Resolving dependencies of required packages... I: Resolving dependencies of base packages... I: Found additional required dependencies: adduser debian-archive-keyring gpgv libacl1 libapt-pkg6.0 libattr1 libaudit-common libaudit1 libblkid1 libbz2-1.0 libc6 libcap-ng0 libcom-err2 libcrypt1 libdb5.3 libdebconfclient0 libext2fs2 libffi7 libgcc-s1 libgcrypt20 libgmp10 libgnutls30 libgpg-error0 libgssapi-krb5-2 libhogweed6 libidn2-0 libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblz4-1 liblzma5 libmount1 libnettle8 libnsl2 libp11-kit0 libpam0g libpcre2-8-0 libpcre3 libseccomp2 libselinux1 libsemanage-common libsemanage1 libsepol1 libsmartcols1 libss2 libssl1.1 libstdc++6 libsystemd0 libtasn1-6 libtinfo6 libtirpc-common libtirpc3 libudev1 libunistring2 libuuid1 libxxhash0 libzstd1 logsave lsb-base zlib1g I: Found additional base dependencies: I: Checking component main on http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian... I: Retrieving libacl1 2.2.53-10 I: Validating libacl1 2.2.53-10 I: Retrieving adduser 3.118 I: Validating adduser 3.118 I: Retrieving apt 2.2.4 I: Validating apt 2.2.4 I: Retrieving libapt-pkg6.0 2.2.4 I: Validating libapt-pkg6.0 2.2.4 I: Retrieving libattr1 1:2.4.48-6 I: Validating libattr1 1:2.4.48-6 I: Retrieving libaudit-common 1:3.0-2 I: Validating libaudit-common 1:3.0-2 I: Retrieving libaudit1 1:3.0-2 I: Validating libaudit1 1:3.0-2 I: Retrieving base-files 11.1+deb11u3 I: Validating base-files 11.1+deb11u3 I: Retrieving base-passwd 3.5.51 I: Validating base-passwd 3.5.51 I: Retrieving bash 5.1-2+b3 I: Validating bash 5.1-2+b3 I: Retrieving libbz2-1.0 1.0.8-4 I: Validating libbz2-1.0 1.0.8-4 I: Retrieving libdebconfclient0 0.260 I: Validating libdebconfclient0 0.260 I: Retrieving coreutils 8.32-4+b1 I: Validating coreutils 8.32-4+b1 I: Retrieving dash 0.5.11+git20200708+dd9ef66-5 I: Validating dash 0.5.11+git20200708+dd9ef66-5 I: Retrieving libdb5.3 5.3.28+dfsg1-0.8 I: Validating libdb5.3 5.3.28+dfsg1-0.8 I: Retrieving debconf 1.5.77 I: Validating debconf 1.5.77 I: Retrieving debian-archive-keyring 2021.1.1 I: Validating debian-archive-keyring 2021.1.1 I: Retrieving debianutils 4.11.2 I: Validating debianutils 4.11.2 I: Retrieving diffutils 1:3.7-5 I: Validating diffutils 1:3.7-5 I: Retrieving dpkg 1.20.9 I: Validating dpkg 1.20.9 I: Retrieving e2fsprogs 1.46.2-2 I: Validating e2fsprogs 1.46.2-2 I: Retrieving libcom-err2 1.46.2-2 I: Validating libcom-err2 1.46.2-2 I: Retrieving libext2fs2 1.46.2-2 I: Validating libext2fs2 1.46.2-2 I: Retrieving libss2 1.46.2-2 I: Validating libss2 1.46.2-2 I: Retrieving logsave 1.46.2-2 I: Validating logsave 1.46.2-2 I: Retrieving findutils 4.8.0-1 I: Validating findutils 4.8.0-1 I: Retrieving gcc-10-base 10.2.1-6 I: Validating gcc-10-base 10.2.1-6 I: Retrieving libgcc-s1 10.2.1-6 I: Validating libgcc-s1 10.2.1-6 I: Retrieving libstdc++6 10.2.1-6 I: Validating libstdc++6 10.2.1-6 I: Retrieving gcc-9-base 9.3.0-22 I: Validating gcc-9-base 9.3.0-22 I: Retrieving libc-bin 2.31-13+deb11u3 I: Validating libc-bin 2.31-13+deb11u3 I: Retrieving libc6 2.31-13+deb11u3 I: Validating libc6 2.31-13+deb11u3 I: Retrieving libgmp10 2:6.2.1+dfsg-1+deb11u1 I: Validating libgmp10 2:6.2.1+dfsg-1+deb11u1 I: Retrieving gpgv 2.2.27-2+deb11u1 I: Validating gpgv 2.2.27-2+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libgnutls30 3.7.1-5 I: Validating libgnutls30 3.7.1-5 I: Retrieving grep 3.6-1 I: Validating grep 3.6-1 I: Retrieving gzip 1.10-4 I: Validating gzip 1.10-4 I: Retrieving hostname 3.23 I: Validating hostname 3.23 I: Retrieving init-system-helpers 1.60 I: Validating init-system-helpers 1.60 I: Retrieving libkeyutils1 1.6.1-2 I: Validating libkeyutils1 1.6.1-2 I: Retrieving libgssapi-krb5-2 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Validating libgssapi-krb5-2 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libk5crypto3 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Validating libk5crypto3 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libkrb5-3 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Validating libkrb5-3 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libkrb5support0 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Validating libkrb5support0 1.18.3-6+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libcap-ng0 0.7.9-2.2+b1 I: Validating libcap-ng0 0.7.9-2.2+b1 I: Retrieving libffi7 3.3-6 I: Validating libffi7 3.3-6 I: Retrieving libgcrypt20 1.8.7-6 I: Validating libgcrypt20 1.8.7-6 I: Retrieving libgpg-error0 1.38-2 I: Validating libgpg-error0 1.38-2 I: Retrieving libidn2-0 2.3.0-5 I: Validating libidn2-0 2.3.0-5 I: Retrieving libnsl2 1.3.0-2 I: Validating libnsl2 1.3.0-2 I: Retrieving libseccomp2 2.5.1-1+deb11u1 I: Validating libseccomp2 2.5.1-1+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libselinux1 3.1-3 I: Validating libselinux1 3.1-3 I: Retrieving libsemanage-common 3.1-1 I: Validating libsemanage-common 3.1-1 I: Retrieving libsemanage1 3.1-1+b2 I: Validating libsemanage1 3.1-1+b2 I: Retrieving libsepol1 3.1-1 I: Validating libsepol1 3.1-1 I: Retrieving libtasn1-6 4.16.0-2 I: Validating libtasn1-6 4.16.0-2 I: Retrieving libtirpc-common 1.3.1-1 I: Validating libtirpc-common 1.3.1-1 I: Retrieving libtirpc3 1.3.1-1 I: Validating libtirpc3 1.3.1-1 I: Retrieving libunistring2 0.9.10-4 I: Validating libunistring2 0.9.10-4 I: Retrieving libcrypt1 1:4.4.18-4 I: Validating libcrypt1 1:4.4.18-4 I: Retrieving libzstd1 1.4.8+dfsg-2.1 I: Validating libzstd1 1.4.8+dfsg-2.1 I: Retrieving lsb-base 11.1.0 I: Validating lsb-base 11.1.0 I: Retrieving liblz4-1 1.9.3-2 I: Validating liblz4-1 1.9.3-2 I: Retrieving mawk 1.3.4.20200120-2 I: Validating mawk 1.3.4.20200120-2 I: Retrieving libtinfo6 6.2+20201114-2 I: Validating libtinfo6 6.2+20201114-2 I: Retrieving ncurses-base 6.2+20201114-2 I: Validating ncurses-base 6.2+20201114-2 I: Retrieving ncurses-bin 6.2+20201114-2 I: Validating ncurses-bin 6.2+20201114-2 I: Retrieving libhogweed6 3.7.3-1 I: Validating libhogweed6 3.7.3-1 I: Retrieving libnettle8 3.7.3-1 I: Validating libnettle8 3.7.3-1 I: Retrieving libssl1.1 1.1.1n-0+deb11u1 I: Validating libssl1.1 1.1.1n-0+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libp11-kit0 0.23.22-1 I: Validating libp11-kit0 0.23.22-1 I: Retrieving libpam-modules 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Validating libpam-modules 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libpam-modules-bin 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Validating libpam-modules-bin 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libpam-runtime 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Validating libpam-runtime 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libpam0g 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Validating libpam0g 1.4.0-9+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libpcre2-8-0 10.36-2 I: Validating libpcre2-8-0 10.36-2 I: Retrieving libpcre3 2:8.39-13 I: Validating libpcre3 2:8.39-13 I: Retrieving perl-base 5.32.1-4+deb11u2 I: Validating perl-base 5.32.1-4+deb11u2 I: Retrieving sed 4.7-1 I: Validating sed 4.7-1 I: Retrieving login 1:4.8.1-1 I: Validating login 1:4.8.1-1 I: Retrieving passwd 1:4.8.1-1 I: Validating passwd 1:4.8.1-1 I: Retrieving libsystemd0 247.3-7 I: Validating libsystemd0 247.3-7 I: Retrieving libudev1 247.3-7 I: Validating libudev1 247.3-7 I: Retrieving sysvinit-utils 2.96-7+deb11u1 I: Validating sysvinit-utils 2.96-7+deb11u1 I: Retrieving tar 1.34+dfsg-1 I: Validating tar 1.34+dfsg-1 I: Retrieving tzdata 2021a-1+deb11u2 I: Validating tzdata 2021a-1+deb11u2 I: Retrieving bsdutils 1:2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating bsdutils 1:2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libblkid1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating libblkid1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libmount1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating libmount1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libsmartcols1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating libsmartcols1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libuuid1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating libuuid1 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving mount 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating mount 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving util-linux 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Validating util-linux 2.36.1-8+deb11u1 I: Retrieving libxxhash0 0.8.0-2 I: Validating libxxhash0 0.8.0-2 I: Retrieving liblzma5 5.2.5-2 I: Validating liblzma5 5.2.5-2 I: Retrieving zlib1g 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2 I: Validating zlib1g 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2 I: Chosen extractor for .deb packages: dpkg-deb I: Extracting libacl1... I: Extracting adduser... I: Extracting apt... I: Extracting libapt-pkg6.0... I: Extracting libattr1... I: Extracting libaudit-common... I: Extracting libaudit1... I: Extracting base-files... I: Extracting base-passwd... I: Extracting bash... I: Extracting libbz2-1.0... I: Extracting libdebconfclient0... I: Extracting coreutils... I: Extracting dash... I: Extracting libdb5.3... I: Extracting debconf... I: Extracting debian-archive-keyring... I: Extracting debianutils... I: Extracting diffutils... I: Extracting dpkg... I: Extracting e2fsprogs... I: Extracting libcom-err2... I: Extracting libext2fs2... I: Extracting libss2... I: Extracting logsave... I: Extracting findutils... I: Extracting gcc-10-base... I: Extracting libgcc-s1... I: Extracting libstdc++6... I: Extracting gcc-9-base... I: Extracting libc-bin... I: Extracting libc6... I: Extracting libgmp10... I: Extracting gpgv... I: Extracting libgnutls30... I: Extracting grep... I: Extracting gzip... I: Extracting hostname... I: Extracting init-system-helpers... I: Extracting libkeyutils1... I: Extracting libgssapi-krb5-2... I: Extracting libk5crypto3... I: Extracting libkrb5-3... I: Extracting libkrb5support0... I: Extracting libcap-ng0... I: Extracting libffi7... I: Extracting libgcrypt20... I: Extracting libgpg-error0... I: Extracting libidn2-0... I: Extracting libnsl2... I: Extracting libseccomp2... I: Extracting libselinux1... I: Extracting libsemanage-common... I: Extracting libsemanage1... I: Extracting libsepol1... I: Extracting libtasn1-6... I: Extracting libtirpc-common... I: Extracting libtirpc3... I: Extracting libunistring2... I: Extracting libcrypt1... I: Extracting libzstd1... I: Extracting lsb-base... I: Extracting liblz4-1... I: Extracting mawk... I: Extracting libtinfo6... I: Extracting ncurses-base... I: Extracting ncurses-bin... I: Extracting libhogweed6... I: Extracting libnettle8... I: Extracting libssl1.1... I: Extracting libp11-kit0... I: Extracting libpam-modules... I: Extracting libpam-modules-bin... I: Extracting libpam-runtime... I: Extracting libpam0g... I: Extracting libpcre2-8-0... I: Extracting libpcre3... I: Extracting perl-base... I: Extracting sed... I: Extracting login... I: Extracting passwd... I: Extracting libsystemd0... I: Extracting libudev1... I: Extracting sysvinit-utils... I: Extracting tar... I: Extracting tzdata... I: Extracting bsdutils... I: Extracting libblkid1... I: Extracting libmount1... I: Extracting libsmartcols1... I: Extracting libuuid1... I: Extracting mount... I: Extracting util-linux... I: Extracting libxxhash0... I: Extracting liblzma5... I: Extracting zlib1g... I: Installing core packages... I: Unpacking required packages... I: Unpacking libacl1:amd64... I: Unpacking adduser... I: Unpacking apt... I: Unpacking libapt-pkg6.0:amd64... I: Unpacking libattr1:amd64... I: Unpacking libaudit-common... I: Unpacking libaudit1:amd64... I: Unpacking base-files... I: Unpacking base-passwd... I: Unpacking bash... I: Unpacking libbz2-1.0:amd64... I: Unpacking libdebconfclient0:amd64... I: Unpacking coreutils... I: Unpacking dash... I: Unpacking libdb5.3:amd64... I: Unpacking debconf... I: Unpacking debian-archive-keyring... I: Unpacking debianutils... I: Unpacking diffutils... I: Unpacking dpkg... I: Unpacking e2fsprogs... I: Unpacking libcom-err2:amd64... I: Unpacking libext2fs2:amd64... I: Unpacking libss2:amd64... I: Unpacking logsave... I: Unpacking findutils... I: Unpacking gcc-10-base:amd64... I: Unpacking libgcc-s1:amd64... I: Unpacking libstdc++6:amd64... I: Unpacking gcc-9-base:amd64... I: Unpacking libc-bin... I: Unpacking libc6:amd64... I: Unpacking libgmp10:amd64... I: Unpacking gpgv... I: Unpacking libgnutls30:amd64... I: Unpacking grep... I: Unpacking gzip... I: Unpacking hostname... I: Unpacking init-system-helpers... I: Unpacking libkeyutils1:amd64... I: Unpacking libgssapi-krb5-2:amd64... I: Unpacking libk5crypto3:amd64... I: Unpacking libkrb5-3:amd64... I: Unpacking libkrb5support0:amd64... I: Unpacking libcap-ng0:amd64... I: Unpacking libffi7:amd64... I: Unpacking libgcrypt20:amd64... I: Unpacking libgpg-error0:amd64... I: Unpacking libidn2-0:amd64... I: Unpacking libnsl2:amd64... I: Unpacking libseccomp2:amd64... I: Unpacking libselinux1:amd64... I: Unpacking libsemanage-common... I: Unpacking libsemanage1:amd64... I: Unpacking libsepol1:amd64... I: Unpacking libtasn1-6:amd64... I: Unpacking libtirpc-common... I: Unpacking libtirpc3:amd64... I: Unpacking libunistring2:amd64... I: Unpacking libcrypt1:amd64... I: Unpacking libzstd1:amd64... I: Unpacking lsb-base... I: Unpacking liblz4-1:amd64... I: Unpacking mawk... I: Unpacking libtinfo6:amd64... I: Unpacking ncurses-base... I: Unpacking ncurses-bin... I: Unpacking libhogweed6:amd64... I: Unpacking libnettle8:amd64... I: Unpacking libssl1.1:amd64... I: Unpacking libp11-kit0:amd64... I: Unpacking libpam-modules:amd64... I: Unpacking libpam-modules-bin... I: Unpacking libpam-runtime... I: Unpacking libpam0g:amd64... I: Unpacking libpcre2-8-0:amd64... I: Unpacking libpcre3:amd64... I: Unpacking perl-base... I: Unpacking sed... I: Unpacking login... I: Unpacking passwd... I: Unpacking libsystemd0:amd64... I: Unpacking libudev1:amd64... I: Unpacking sysvinit-utils... I: Unpacking tar... I: Unpacking tzdata... I: Unpacking bsdutils... I: Unpacking libblkid1:amd64... I: Unpacking libmount1:amd64... I: Unpacking libsmartcols1:amd64... I: Unpacking libuuid1:amd64... I: Unpacking mount... I: Unpacking util-linux... I: Unpacking libxxhash0:amd64... I: Unpacking liblzma5:amd64... I: Unpacking zlib1g:amd64... I: Configuring required packages... I: Configuring lsb-base... I: Configuring libtirpc-common... I: Configuring debian-archive-keyring... I: Configuring libaudit-common... I: Configuring libsemanage-common... I: Configuring gcc-10-base:amd64... I: Configuring ncurses-base... I: Configuring gcc-9-base:amd64... I: Configuring libcrypt1:amd64... I: Configuring libgcc-s1:amd64... I: Configuring libc6:amd64... I: Configuring libudev1:amd64... I: Configuring libsepol1:amd64... I: Configuring libxxhash0:amd64... I: Configuring libattr1:amd64... I: Configuring sysvinit-utils... I: Configuring libtasn1-6:amd64... I: Configuring debianutils... I: Configuring mawk... I: Configuring libdebconfclient0:amd64... I: Configuring base-files... I: Configuring libbz2-1.0:amd64... I: Configuring base-passwd... I: Configuring libdb5.3:amd64... I: Configuring libblkid1:amd64... I: Configuring libstdc++6:amd64... I: Configuring libtinfo6:amd64... I: Configuring bash... I: Configuring libzstd1:amd64... I: Configuring libkeyutils1:amd64... I: Configuring liblzma5:amd64... I: Configuring libgpg-error0:amd64... I: Configuring liblz4-1:amd64... I: Configuring libc-bin... I: Configuring ncurses-bin... I: Configuring libffi7:amd64... I: Configuring libacl1:amd64... I: Configuring libunistring2:amd64... I: Configuring libsmartcols1:amd64... I: Configuring libgcrypt20:amd64... I: Configuring zlib1g:amd64... I: Configuring libidn2-0:amd64... I: Configuring libcom-err2:amd64... I: Configuring diffutils... I: Configuring libseccomp2:amd64... I: Configuring libsystemd0:amd64... I: Configuring libkrb5support0:amd64... I: Configuring hostname... I: Configuring libpcre3:amd64... I: Configuring libcap-ng0:amd64... I: Configuring libext2fs2:amd64... I: Configuring libnettle8:amd64... I: Configuring libapt-pkg6.0:amd64... I: Configuring libgmp10:amd64... I: Configuring libp11-kit0:amd64... I: Configuring libaudit1:amd64... I: Configuring libuuid1:amd64... I: Configuring libss2:amd64... I: Configuring libpcre2-8-0:amd64... I: Configuring libk5crypto3:amd64... I: Configuring logsave... I: Configuring gpgv... I: Configuring libhogweed6:amd64... I: Configuring bsdutils... I: Configuring e2fsprogs... I: Configuring libselinux1:amd64... I: Configuring libgnutls30:amd64... I: Configuring sed... I: Configuring findutils... I: Configuring libmount1:amd64... I: Configuring libsemanage1:amd64... I: Configuring tar... I: Configuring coreutils... I: Configuring dpkg... I: Configuring grep... I: Configuring perl-base... I: Configuring init-system-helpers... I: Configuring gzip... I: Configuring debconf... I: Configuring tzdata... I: Configuring libpam0g:amd64... I: Configuring dash... I: Configuring libssl1.1:amd64... I: Configuring libpam-modules-bin... I: Configuring libkrb5-3:amd64... I: Configuring libgssapi-krb5-2:amd64... I: Configuring libtirpc3:amd64... I: Configuring libnsl2:amd64... I: Configuring libpam-modules:amd64... I: Configuring passwd... I: Configuring libpam-runtime... I: Configuring login... I: Configuring adduser... I: Configuring apt... I: Configuring util-linux... I: Configuring mount... I: Configuring libc-bin... I: Unpacking the base system... I: Base system installed successfully.
