Riscv64创建ubuntu文件系统
UBUNTU系统内核必须要开启的支持模块：
CONFIG_CGROUPS=y CONFIG_CGROUP_FREEZER=y CONFIG_CGROUP_PIDS=y CONFIG_CGROUP_DEVICE=y CONFIG_CPUSETS=y CONFIG_PROC_PID_CPUSET=y CONFIG_CGROUP_CPUACCT=y CONFIG_PAGE_COUNTER=y CONFIG_MEMCG=y CONFIG_CGROUP_SCHED=y CONFIG_NAMESPACES=y CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS=y CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS=y CONFIG_SIGNALFD=y CONFIG_TIMERFD=y CONFIG_EPOLL=y CONFIG_IPV6=y CONFIG_FANOTIFY CONFIG_CGROUP_BPF=y CONFIG_TMPFS=y CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL=y # optional (开启 zram 内存压缩): CONFIG_ZSMALLOC=y CONFIG_ZRAM=y
文件系统创建：
Important: to reduce ram usage follow point n.2 of the ,
to increase the rootfs partition size you can edit ```duo-buildroot-sdk/milkv/genimage-milkv-duo.cfg```
at line 16 replace ```size = 256M``` with ```size = 1G``` or higher as desired
then follow the  to manually compile buildroot and the kernel and pack it.
## Creating the rootfs
```bash
# install prerequisites
sudo apt install debootstrap qemu qemu-user-static binfmt-support dpkg-cross --no-install-recommends
# generate minimal bootstrap rootfs
sudo debootstrap --arch=riscv64 --foreign jammy ./temp-rootfs http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports
# chroot into the rootfs we just created
sudo chroot temp-rootfs /bin/bash
# run 2nd stage of deboostrap
/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
# add package sources
cat >/etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security multiverse EOF
# update and install some packages
apt-get update apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y util-linux haveged openssh-server systemd kmod initramfs-tools conntrack ebtables ethtool iproute2 iptables mount socat ifupdown iputils-ping vim dhcpcd5 neofetch sudo chrony
# optional for zram
apt-get install zram-config systemctl enable zram-config
# Create base config files
mkdir -p /etc/network cat >>/etc/network/interfaces <<EOF auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp EOF cat >/etc/resolv.conf <<EOF nameserver 1.1.1.1 nameserver 8.8.8.8 EOF
# write text to fstab (this is with swap enabled if you want to disable it just put a # before the swap line)
cat >/etc/fstab <<EOF # <file system> <mount pt> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/root / ext2 rw,noauto 0 1 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=0666 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs mode=0777 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs mode=1777 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs mode=0755,nosuid,nodev,size=64M 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 /dev/mmcblk0p3 none swap sw 0 0 EOF
# set hostname
echo "milkvduo-ubuntu" > /etc/hostname
# set root passwd
echo "root:riscv" | chpasswd
# enable root login through ssh
sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# exit chroot
exit sudo tar -cSf Ubuntu-jammy-rootfs.tar -C temp-rootfs . gzip Ubuntu-jammy-rootfs.tar rm -rf temp-rootfs
上面生成的文件系统有问题下面更新后的：
# 安装依赖
sudo apt install debootstrap qemu qemu-user-static binfmt-support --no-install-recommends
# 构建目录
mkdir -p temp-rootfs sudo debootstrap --arch=riscv64 --foreign jammy ./temp-rootfs http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports
# 【关键】挂载虚拟文件系统
sudo mount -t proc none temp-rootfs/proc sudo mount -t sysfs none temp-rootfs/sys sudo mount -o bind /dev temp-rootfs/dev sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts temp-rootfs/dev/pts
# 进入chroot
sudo chroot temp-rootfs /bin/bash
## ========== chroot 内部开始 ==========
/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage cat >/etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security main restricted deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security universe deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-security multiverse EOF apt-get update apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y util-linux haveged openssh-server systemd kmod initramfs-tools conntrack ebtables ethtool iproute2 iptables mount socat ifupdown iputils-ping sudo chrony
# 可选 zram
apt-get install -y zram-config systemctl enable zram-config
# 网络配置
mkdir -p /etc/network cat >/etc/network/interfaces <<EOF auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp EOF
# fstab 适配ext4
cat >/etc/fstab <<EOF # <file system> <mount pt> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/root / ext4 defaults 0 1 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=0666 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs mode=0777 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs mode=1777 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs mode=0755,nosuid,nodev,size=64M 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 /dev/mmcblk0p3 none swap sw 0 0 EOF echo "milkvduo-ubuntu" > /etc/hostname echo "root:riscv" | chpasswd
# SSH配置，同时开启密码登录
sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config sed -i "s/#PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# 开启串口终端
systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service
# 清理缓存缩小镜像
apt autoremove -y apt clean
## ========== chroot 内部结束 ==========
exit
# 务必卸载！！
sudo umount temp-rootfs/dev/pts sudo umount temp-rootfs/dev sudo umount temp-rootfs/sys sudo umount temp-rootfs/proc
# 打包
sudo tar -cpf Ubuntu-jammy-rootfs.tar -C temp-rootfs . gzip Ubuntu-jammy-rootfs.tar sudo rm -rf temp-rootfs
SD 卡部署操作
# 1.挂载root分区，替换为你的设备
sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/sdroot
# 2.清空分区
sudo rm -rf /mnt/sdroot/*
# 3.直接解压rootfs
sudo tar -xf Ubuntu-jammy-rootfs.tar -C /mnt/sdroot
# 4.卸载
sudo umount /mnt/sdroot
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